Archive for December, 2006

Protecting Personal Privacy and Identity When Using a PC

Sunday, December 31st, 2006

Many of us spend significant time on our computers working and
doing various personal business. We access bank accounts, log-on
to sites, and surf the web to areas of interest. When we do all
these great and convenient things, we also need to ensure we are
taking the steps to protect our privacy and the security of our
personal information. That does not happen automatically. Your
computer doesn’t protect you automatically like you might hope
it would. We each have to be aware of the areas of vulnerability
and take the steps to protect our privacy.

When you connect to the internet and surf the web, there are two
things you need to be aware of that affect your privacy. First,
everywhere you go on the internet and everything you see and do
when on-line can be tracked and recorded through your internet
service provider. You can do something about that. You can
protect the privacy of your internet activity by using an
anonymizer service
. There are a number to choose from. Learn
more about how an anonymizer service works, and why you need to
use one by clicking here. Take a look at the
Kaxy web proxy.
When you use an anonymizer service prying eyes will not be able
to track your web surfing through your internet service provider
(ISP). That’s an important step to protecting your privacy.

Secondly, when you surf the web, your computer is storing files
and creating records of where you have been and what you have
looked at. You need to clean those hidden files and records that
are being created and stored on your computer. It takes a
special program to do that. Try Evidence Eliminator.

Your computer – like the networks we use to connect our
computers to the web – needs to be secure to protect against
identity theft, a fast growing problem.

For more information on cyber security check out staySAFEonline.

For more information on network security and products to protect
the network, see Engedi
Technologies, Inc
at www.engedi.net

An Expert System Powered By Uncertainty

Saturday, December 30th, 2006

The Artificial Intelligence community sought to understand human
intelligence by building computer programs, which exhibited
intelligent behavior. Intelligence was perceived to be a problem
solving ability. Most human problems appeared to have reasoned,
rather than mathematical, solutions. The diagnosis of a disease
could hardly be calculated. If a patient had a group of
symptoms, then she had a particular disease. But, such reasoning
required prior knowledge. The programs needed to have the
“knowledge” that the disease exhibited a particular group of
symptoms. For the AI community, that vague knowledge residing in
the minds of “Experts” was superior to text book knowledge. So
they called the programs, which solved such problems, Expert
Systems.

Expert Systems managed goal oriented problem solving tasks
including diagnosis, planning, scheduling, configuration and
design. One method of knowledge representation was through “If,
then…” rules. When the “If” part of a rule was satisfied, then
the “Then” part of the rule was concluded. These became rule
based Expert Systems. But knowledge was sometimes factual and at
other times, vague. Factual knowledge had clear cause to effect
relationships, where clear conclusions could be drawn from
concrete rules. Pain was one symptom of a disease. If the
disease always exhibited pain, then pain pointed to the disease.
But vague and judgmental knowledge was called heuristic
knowledge. It was more of an art. The pain symptom could not
mechanically point to diseases, which occasionally exhibited
pain. Uncertainty did not yield concrete answers.

The AI community tried to solve this problem by suggesting a
statistical, or heuristic analysis of uncertainty. The
possibilities were represented by real numbers or by sets of
real-valued vectors. The vectors were evaluated by means of
different “fuzzy” concepts. The components of the measurements
were listed, giving the basis of the numerical values.
Variations were combined, using methods for computing
combination of variances. The combined uncertainty and its
components were expressed in the form of “standard deviations.”
Uncertainty was given a mathematical expression, which was
hardly useful in the diagnosis of a disease.

The human mind did not compute mathematical relationships to
assess uncertainty. The mind knew that a particular symptom
pointed to a possibility, because it used intuition, a process
of elimination, to instantly identify patterns. Vague
information was powerfully useful to an elimination process,
since they eliminated many other possibilities. If the patient
lacked pain, all diseases, which always exhibited pain, could be
eliminated. Diseases, which sometimes exhibited pain were
retained. Further symptoms helped identification from a greatly
reduced database. A selection was easier from a smaller group.
Uncertainty could be powerfully useful for an elimination
process.

Intuition was an algorithm, which evaluated the whole database,
eliminating every context that did not fit. This algorithm has
powered Expert Systems which acted speedily to recognize a
disease, identify a case law or diagnose the problems of a
complex machine. It was instant, holistic, and logical. If
several parallel answers could be presented, as in the multiple
parameters of a power plant, recognition was instant. For the
mind, where millions of parameters were simultaneously
presented, real time pattern recognition was practical. And
elimination was the key, which could conclusively handle
uncertainty, without resort to abstruse calculations.

About the author:
Abraham Thomas is the author of The Intuitive Algorithm, a book,
which suggests that intuition is a pattern recognition
algorithm. The ebook version is available at
www.intuition.co.in. The book may be purchased only in India.
The website, provides a free movie and a walk through to explain
the ideas.

Things to look for when buying a computer microphone

Friday, December 29th, 2006

Computer microphones are a valuable addition to any PC and they
greatly increase interactivity and communication levels. You can
use a microphone for performing various tasks, both business and
fun related. For example, you can hold a conference with your
business partners, over the Internet, or you can chat with your
friends online, instead of doing that on the phone. Of course,
in order to enjoy accurate and high quality communication, you
have to choose a good PC microphone. There is a huge variety of
models on the market, ranging from microphones that you can buy
for a few dollars and going all the way to expensive, high tech
desktop microphones. So which PC microphone is right for you?

Price Vs Quality

You can pay $5 for a microphone, or you can pay $50. So where’s
the difference, apart from the price? Well, cheap microphones
have low prices for some good reasons: they offer average to low
quality sound, they break down more easily and you can’t use
them successfully in all applications that support a microphone.
The materials they are manufactured from have to be cheap, which
eliminates the idea of high quality, so the end product is of
lower reliability. And at this price, you can be sure bulk
manufacturing is present and quality tests are quick and far
from rigorous. Microphones that come for a higher price have, in
most cases, better sound quality and more features. Such
microphones will have noise canceling filters, which help
diminish background noise. Distortion filters and integrated
circuits also help keep voice sounds clear and accurate. The
materials used for more expensive microphones also last longer -
plastic doesn’t crack so easily and if you drop it on the floor
you know that the internal components are well protected.

Choosing the right computer microphone

Determining what price range you are in and what model to
purchase depends heavily on the purpose you have in mind for the
microphone. Are you going to use it just to chat with friends
online? In that case, spending a lot of money on a professional
computer microphone is not justified. Do you plan to hold
business conferences over the Internet? Then maybe you should
get a better microphone that will allow the discussion to be
continuous and clear, without noise distortion. Giving vocal
commands to your computer or dictating to word processing
software with speech recognition capabilities is another use for
desktop microphones. Quality should be first here – speech
recognition software is very sensitive and demands a high
quality microphone and sound card. Recording your voice and
inserting it into music tracks is possible, but a high quality
microphone is absolutely essential in this case.

About the author:
Mantius Cazaubon is a successful author and publisher of >http://the-microphone-guide.com, a resource for information
and tips on buying computer
microphones
online.